Photo – AFP
This Conflict Security Tracker No. 1 (English Version) was published on September 22, 2025, as a translation of the original Burmese version published on September 19, 2025.
▪️Period
February 1, 2021, to September 16, 2025
▪️Incidents/events
Over the past four years, at least 92 incidents of mass civilian killings—defined as 10 or more deaths in a single event—have been documented nationwide, resulting in at least 1,808 civilian deaths. This includes the “Kyauktaw incident” of September 12, when 20 students were killed.
▪️Locations
These incidents were recorded in 12 states and regions: Rakhine, Kachin, Shan, Chin, Mon, Karen, and Kayah States, as well as Sagaing, Mandalay, Magway, Bago, and Tanintharyi Regions.
▪️Actors involved
Myanmar junta forces and resistance forces.
▪️Types
Mass civilian deaths caused by armed assaults, arson, and airstrikes.
▪️Status/trends
Of the 92 incidents, 88 were carried out by the Myanmar junta, leaving 1,723 dead. Resistance groups were responsible for four incidents, with 85 fatalities. Notably, 52 percent of all incidents stemmed from airstrikes. The junta’s combination of ground offensives with escalating aerial attacks—including helicopters, jet fighters, and drones—suggests the likelihood of further such events.
▪️Risk Level
The junta’s target and airstrike patterns indiscriminately aim not only at military objectives but also at civilian properties, religious buildings, hospitals, and schools. Civilians in resistance-controlled territory and contested areas face the highest risks.
▪️Implications
Seeking military victory alongside indiscriminate attacks on civilians, solely driven by a doubt-based security mindset, leads to severe repercussions. Purely emphasizing military gains, perpetrators risk compounding their record of war crimes, leading to a likely rise in mass civilian casualties and collateral damage.
ISP Conflict & Security Tracker
At least 92 Incidents of Civilian Massacres Recorded in Myanmar